Quantum theory

Higher Perspective: I am you, and you are me.

http://www.altering-perspectives.com/

Friday, April 19, 2013



H.H. The 14th Dalai Lama of Tibet, Tenzin Gyato, explains in his book The Universe in a Single Atom: The Convergence of Science and Spirituality, that there is a distinct connection between science and spirituality, and that they have a distinct ability to unite the human race. In traditional Buddhist teachings, the Theory of Emptiness states that all things and events are dependent upon one another and are in some way interconnected. Both Buddhism and quantum physics demonstrate that the world we know is not what we perceive it to be with our 5 senses, and that us and everything that exists is connected in some way, somehow. In the book, His Holiness cites one of David Bohm’s observations: 

“…if we examine the various ideologies that tend to divide humanity such as racism, extremely nationalism, and the Marxist class struggle, one of the key factors of their origin is the tendency to perceive things that inherently divided and disconnected. From this misconception springs the belief that each of these divisions is essentially independent and self-existent.”

Bohm’s statement is an extraordinary one. He is able to understand the relation between quantum physics and science as a whole, and he is also able to expand his analogy to the entire world. Perhaps if human’s were not so quick to judge, segregate, and isolate each other, we would be able to come to gather and have a much greater respect for the human race a whole, but conquering the ego is no simple task. This comparison of Buddhism and quantum physics is very interesting because it has the capability to motivate those who find solidarity in faith, and those who find the truth through facts. Both schools of thought recognize the extreme importance of perception.
Full article:

Through the Wormhole- Tracking Souls to the Afterlife – YouTube.

Morgan Freeman narrates this. Need I say more ?

OK, a quick look at where we’re at with the quantum theory meets the soul debate. Lou

Morgan Freeman narration

What happened to antimatter? – Rolf Landua – YouTube.

Particles come in pairs, which is why there should be an equal amount of matter and antimatter in the universe. Yet, scientists have not been able to detect any in the visible universe. Where is this missing antimatter? CERN scientist Rolf Landua returns to the seconds after the Big Bang to explain the disparity that allows humans to exist today.

3 May 2013

http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=CtR5EkvLNfg

View full lesson: http://ed.ted.com/lessons/what-happen…

Strange Computer Code Discovered Concealed In Superstring Equations! – YouTube.

21 Mar 2012

“Doubly-even self-dual linear binary error-correcting block code,” first invented by Claude Shannon in the 1940′s, has been discovered embedded WITHIN the equations of superstring theory!

Why does nature have this? What errors does it need to correct? What is an ‘error’ for nature? More importantly what is the explanation for this freakish discovery? Your guess is as good as mine.

References
1.) Recent NPR interview with Professor Gates: http://being.publicradio.org/programs…
2.) Gates original paper: http://arxiv.org/abs/0806.0051
3.) A potential explanation, Bostrom’s Simulation Hypothesis: http://www.simulation-argument.com/si…

Government Lab Reveals It Has Operated Quantum Internet For Over Two Years | MIT Technology Review.

 MIT Technology Review

A quantum internet capable of sending perfectly secure messages has been running at Los Alamos National Labs for the last two and a half years, say researchers

One of the dreams for security experts is the creation of a quantum internet that allows perfectly secure communication based on the powerful laws of quantum mechanics.The basic idea here is that the act of measuring a quantum object, such as a photon, always changes it. So any attempt to eavesdrop on a quantum message cannot fail to leave telltale signs of snooping that the receiver can detect. That allows anybody to send a “one-time pad” over a quantum network which can then be used for secure communication using conventional classical communication.That sets things up nicely for perfectly secure messaging known as quantum cryptography and this is actually a fairly straightforward technique for any half decent quantum optics lab. Indeed, a company called ID Quantique sells an off-the-shelf system that has begun to attract banks and other organisations interested in perfect security.These systems have an important limitation, however. The current generation of quantum cryptography systems are point-to-point connections over a single length of fibre, So they can send secure messages from A to B but cannot route this information onwards to C, D, E or F. That’s because the act of routing a message means reading the part of it that indicates where it has to be routed. And this inevitably changes it, at least with conventional routers. This makes a quantum internet impossible with today’s technology.

Full story:

Government Lab Reveals It Has Operated Quantum Internet For Over Two Years | MIT Technology Review.

Is computing speed set to make a quantum leap? | Technology | The Observer.

Quantum mechanics research could hold the key to a new generation of super-fast computers

ohn Naughton

The Observer

18 May 2013CERN, European Organisation for Nuclear Research, Switzerland - 2012

The Large Hadron Collider was built in the pursuit of pure science, but research into quantum mechanics might soon yield enormous benefits for computing. Photograph: Rex Features

Our imagination is stretched to the utmost,” wrote Richard Feynman, the greatest physicist of his day, “not, as in fiction, to imagine things which are not really there, but just to comprehend those things that are there.” Which is another way of saying that physics is weird. And particle physics – or quantum mechanics, to give it its posh title – is weird to the power of n, where n is a very large integer.

Consider some of the things that particle physicists believe. They accept without batting an eyelid, for example, that one particular subatomic particle, the neutrino, can pass right through the Earth without stopping. They believe that a subatomic particle can be in two different states at the same time. And that two particles can be “entangled” in such a way that they can co-ordinate their properties regardless of the distance in space and time that separates them (an idea that even Einstein found “spooky”). And that whenever we look at subatomic particles they are altered by the act of inspection so that, in a sense, we can never see them as they are.

For a long time, the world looked upon quantum physicists with a kind of bemused affection. Sure, they might be wacky, but boy, were they smart! And western governments stumped up large quantities of dosh to enable them to build the experimental kit they needed for their investigations. A huge underground doughnut was excavated in the suburbs of Geneva, for example, and filled with unconscionable amounts of heavy machinery in the hope that it would enable the quark-hunters to find the Higgs boson, or at any rate its shadowy tracks.

All of this was in furtherance of the purest of pure science – curiosity-driven research. The idea that this stuff might have any practical application seemed, well, preposterous to most of us. But here and there, there were people who thought otherwise (among them, as it happens, Richard Feynman). In particular, these visionaries wondered about the potential of harnessing the strange properties of subatomic particles for computational purposes. After all, if a particle can be in two different states at the same time (in contrast to a humdrum digital bit, which can only be a one or a zero), then maybe we could use that for speeded-up computing. And so on.

Thus was born the idea of the “quantum computer”. At its heart is the idea of a quantum bit or qubit. The bits that conventional computers use are implemented by transistors that can either be on (1) or off (0). Qubits, in contrast, can be both on and off at the same time, which implies that they could be used to carry out two or more calculations simultaneously. In principle, therefore, quantum computers should run much faster than conventional, silicon-based ones, at least in calculations where parallel processing is helpful.

For as long as I have been paying attention to this stuff, the academic literature has been full of arguments about quantum computing. Some people thought that while it might be possible in theory, in practice it would prove impracticable. But while these disputes raged, a Canadian company called D-Wave – whose backers include Amazon boss Jeff Bezos and the “investment arm” of the CIA (I am not making this up) – was quietly getting on with building and marketing a quantum computer. In 2011, D-Wave sold its first machine – a 128-qubit computer – to military contractor Lockheed Martin. And last week it was announced that D-Wave had sold a more powerful machine to a consortium led by Google and Nasa and a number of leading US universities.

What’s interesting about this is not so much its confirmation that the technology may indeed be a practical proposition, though that’s significant in itself. More important is that it signals the possibility that we might be heading for a major step change in processing power. In one experiment, for example, it was found that the D-Wave machine was 3,600 times faster than a conventional computer in certain kinds of applications. Given that the increases in processing power enabled by Moore’s law (which applies only to silicon and says that computing power doubles roughly every two years) are already causing us to revise our assumptions about what computers can and cannot do, we may have some more revisions to do. All of which goes to prove the truth of the adage: pure research is just research that hasn’t yet been applied.

NASA, Google buy quantum computer from B.C. firm – Business – CBC News.

D-Wave Two will help solve problems that stump conventional computers

D-Wave chip

Posted: May 16, 2013

A quantum computer has been purchased from Burnaby, B.C.-based D-Wave Systems by a NASA-led group that aims to solve problems requiring creativity — something that conventional computers aren’t good at.

The D-Wave Two is currently being installed at the new Quantum Artificial Intelligence Lab at NASA Ames Research Center in Moffett Field, Calif., and should be up and running this fall, D-Wave announced Thursday.

The lab is a collaboration among NASA, Google and the Universities Space Research Association, who expect to use the quantum computer to tackle problems related to machine learning, web searching, speech recognition, planning and scheduling, searching for exoplanets, and supporting operations in mission control centres. The USRA will also make the system available to other U.S. academic institutions.

“We are extremely pleased to make this announcement,” said Vern Brownell, CEO of D-Wave in a statement.

“Three world class organizations and their research teams will use the D-Wave Two to develop real world applications and to support research from leading academic institutions. This joint effort shows that quantum computing has expanded beyond the theoretical realm and into the worlds of business and technology.”

Quantum computers store data in units called qubits, analogous to the bits used in conventional computers. But while each conventional bit stores information as either 1 or 0, qubits make use of quantum mechanics — laws of physics that apply only to very small particles such as atoms — to encode information as both 1 and 0 at the same time.

That property, known as superposition, means quantum computers with a given number of qubits can store exponentially more information compared to conventional computers with the same number of bits, and are better at certain types of operations and problems.

Quantum computing is still an emerging technology, however, and D-Wave’s products are among very few on the market.

The D-Wave Two has 512 qubits, making it considerably more powerful than its predecessor and the company’s first commercial quantum computer, the 128-bit D-Wave One.

"Qubit" probability distributions

‘Most challenging computer problems’

In a post Thursday on the Google Research blog, Hartmut Neven, Google’s director of engineering, said the company believes quantum computing “may help solve some of the most challenging computer problems.”

In particular, Neven said, quantum computers have potential in a branch of artificial intelligence called machine learning that is used to build computer models of real-world phenomena such as climate.

“Machine learning is highly difficult,” Neven wrote. “That’s because building a good model is really a creative act.”

He likened it to the problem solving that an architect needs to do when designing a house while balancing constraints such as budget, usage requirements and space limitations.

“Classical computers aren’t well-suited to these types of creative problems,” Neven said.

He added that Google researchers have already developed some machine learning algorithms for quantum computers and learned that a mix of quantum and classical computing generates the best results.

According to D-Wave, the D-Wave Two had to pass a series of benchmarks and tests before installation, and “met or exceeded the required performance specifications, in some cases by a large margin.”

D-Wave sold its first quantum computer, the D-Wave One, to defence and advanced technology company Lockheed Martin in 2011, allowing it to bill itself as “the world’s first commercial quantum computing company.” Lockheed Martin upgraded to a D-Wave Two earlier this year.

The potential of quantum computing technology has captured the attention of BlackBerry co-founders Mike Laziridis and Doug Fregin, who launched a $100-million private fund in March to boost the development of Canada’s fledgling quantum computing industry.


“We are programmed… and we are waking up out of this program of limitation.” -Dr. Bruce Lipton

www.social-consciousness.com/2010/06/dr-bruce-lipton-biology-of-perception.html

“To change the printout of the body, you must learn to rewrite the software of the mind.” -Deepak Chopra, M.D. — with Heny Tj.

Knowledge of Today

Do advanced races of intelligent beings live in ultra-massive black holes? | MyScienceAcademy.

MyScienceAcademy

Jaime Trosper

February 2013

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As a collective species, we all contemplate the existence of extra-terrestrial civilizations living in the far reaches of the universe, and we imagine that they have mind-bogging technology that we can’t even being to drum up using our imagination. So far though, there have been no clear indicators (well, depending on who you ask) that there is anything beyond homo sapiens, which is equal parts depressing and terrifying. After all, if aliens were real, surely there would be some signs, right? Well, there are all sorts of theories put forth in the Fermi paradox that postulate why there may be no signs…everything ranging from our technology being so basic compared to theirs that we are unable to pick up whatever radio signals they have sent out into the abyss, to ET’s knowing we are here, but choosing not to reach out to us to not hinder our progress. However, a new theory has been put forth that, frankly, makes all of the alternatives seem kind of lame.

Just recently, astronomers announced a colossal find (quite literally, colossal): a series of ‘ultra-massive’ black holes at the center of many distant galaxies. Each of of these black holes are more than ten times the size of our solar system, with event horizons stretching out more than five times beyond the orbit of Pluto. Such black holes are far larger than anything ever predicted in the past. One of the largest, which lies at the center of an egg-shaped galaxy more than 335 million light-years distant (called NGC 4889), has the mass of more than 21 billion suns. Another of these behemoths is at the galactic center of NGC 3842, which is 331 million light-years away. This one contains the mass of 9.7 billion suns. In comparison, the supermassive black hole at the heart of the Milky Way, Sagittarius A*, contains the mass of about 4.1 million solar masses, with a surface area of no more than 17 light-hours (120 AU).

Simulated view of a black hole in front of the...

Although unexpected, these black holes presented some interesting questions. Namely, how in the heck did they become so large? Typically, black holes are formed of the collapsing core of a massive star, but they can become significantly larger from consuming stars and other interstellar materials. And then there are galactic collisions, where two central black holes collide and merge. Nothing this massive has been discovered previously.

As we’ve touched on before in one of our articles about what would happen if you were sucked into a black hole and able to survive being ripped apart (you can find a link to that article in the ‘further reading’ section below.), the surface of a black hole becomes less extreme the larger the black hole is (in surface area, instead of mass). So hypothetically, if we were able to find a supermassive black hole the size of our solar system, it would be possible for there to be so-called ‘stable’ areas within the event horizon that may allow stars or planets to orbit the central singularity without being torn apart into a flurry of subatomic particles.

In particular, there is a certain type of black hole that is ideal for this sort of thing. The inner workings of Reissner-Nordström (or charged and rotating) black holes have been studied by Vyacheslav Dokuchaey, a Russian Cosmologist from Moscow’s Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences. According to him, not only could a planet remain in a stable orbit within the active galactic nuclei or the ‘inner Cauchy horizon’ of the black hole (where the fabric of space-time becomes somewhat ‘normal’ again), but also “living inside the eternal black holes is possible in principle, if these black holes are rotating or charged and massive enough for weakening the tidal forces and radiation of gravitational waves to acceptable level.”

Now, when I originally read this story, the first thought that crept up into my mind was concerning energy. As you all know (or at least I hope), the sun is a primary source of our energy. Without it, our plants would be unable to undergo photosynthesis, killing most of the plants on our planet before ultimately killing us all when we succumb to starvation. So where would an advanced civilization living within the confines of a black hole derive energy from?

According to Dokuchaev, “The naked central singularity illuminates the orbiting internal planets and provides the energy supply for life supporting,” he adds. “Some additional highlighting during the night time comes from eternally circulating photons.” So any civilization capable of doing so, which would probably rank as a type III advanced civilizations on the Kardashev scale (we haven’t made it to type I yet), would derive light and heat from orbiting photons and energy from the singularity itself.

More interestingly, such a civilization would be completely closed off to the rest of the universe beyond the event horizon, just as we too, can not see anything inside of it. Sounds like a pretty spiffy hiding spot, if you ask us (talk about lonely though.) Except for, you know, all of the radiation from the stars and other interstellar materials falling in.

By Jaime Trosper

Sources & Further Reading:

The Kardashev Scale – Type I, II, III, IV & V Civilizations:”
http://tinyurl.com/KardashevScale-fqtq-fb

“Advanced Civilizations may Live Inside Supermassive Black Holes:”
http://www.dailygalaxy.com/my_weblog/2013/01/from-the-x-files-advanced-civilizations-may-live-inside-supermassive-black-holes.html

“Could Life Survive Inside a Black Hole?:”
http://news.discovery.com/space/alien-life-exoplanets/black-hole-alien-life-110413.htm

“Surviving a Black Hole:”
http://tinyurl.com/survivingablackhole-fqtq-fb

“This illustration released by the journal Nature shows an artist’s conception a surge of X-rays from deep space, which resulted after a black hole tore apart a star.”

Image Credit: Amadeo Bachar – AFP/Getty Images

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All things are global, indeed cosmic, for the memory of all things extends to all places and all times. The physical world is a reflection of energy vibrations from more subtle worlds that, in turn, are reflections of still more subtle energy fields. Creation, and all subsequent existence, is a progression downward and outward from the primordial source.

~Ervin László~

Creative Systems Thinking